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" April 9 – Valour Day " – 1965 Sardar Post Victory

October 25, 2020 by BureaucratONE Leave a Comment Last Updated October 25, 2020

The intervening night of 8-9 of April 1965 is the glorious night in the military history of India. On this day just two company of soldiers(oddly 150 personnel) fought back a Brigade strength of 35,00 armed men of Pakistan and secured out a border at Sardar Post inflicting a heavy causality of 34 dead Pakistan personnel including two officers and captured 4 soldiers. The country remembers its martyrs of CRPF by observing "Valour Day" on April 9 every year.

CRPF was tasked to man the Sardar Post after aggressive posturing of Pak Army. On the early hours of 9th April 1965 3,500 armed Brigade launched a simultaneous stealth attack on Sardar Post and Tak Post as a part it is failed " Operation Hawk ". Sensing some movements 50 to 100 yards to the north post. Head Constable Ranjit Singh took a position with his Machine Gun. His shots were challenged by artillery fire from 25 pounder-guns. Soon all personnel manning the post realised it was a full Brigade of enemy Army. All soldiers rushed to take a position against the incoming attack. This fight lasted for 12 hours with reinforcements coming from nearby Tak post. In this battle, six CRPF men made supreme sacrifice and inflicting a heavy causality resulting in a humiliating defeat to the Brigade of Pakistan Army.

Filed Under: Current Affairs, Defence

Police Commemoration Day

October 25, 2020 by BureaucratONE Leave a Comment Last Updated October 25, 2020

There are six-day declared as martyrs day in India. Most of which are a result of the supreme sacrifice made by our freedom fighters before the Independence of India. 21st October is special because it is the only martyrs day observed by the police departments throughout India for the supreme sacrifice made by the CRPF or Central Reserve Police Force in the ambush by hostile Chinese Army in 1959. The legacy created by no other armed forces in India. Therefore, Police Commemoration Day is observed on October 21 every year, in remembrance of the sacrifices of ten policemen who died in Chinese firing in 1959 that happened at hot springs near Ladakh.

CRPF was responsible for manning the 2500 mile long Indo-China border until 1959. On October 21, Chinese troops threw a grenade at a party of 20 CRPF police personnel. 10 Soldiers died on the spot and & severely injured who were later taken as prisoners of War. It took China 3 long weak to return the 10 martyrs body who were later cremated with full police honour. The Annual Conference of Inspectors General of Police of States and Union Territories held in January 1960, decided that in order to commemorate the exceptional act of Valour by the men of CRPF, October 21 will be observed as 'Police Commemoration Day' across the country.

To pay homage to these fallen soldiers, a memorial was erected at Hot Springs near Ladakh and members of Police Forces from different parts of the country trek to Hot Springs to pay homage to the martyrs. Since 2012, the Police Commemoration Day Parade is being held at the National level at the Police Memorial, Chanakyapuri.

Filed Under: Current Affairs, Defence

Language and Mother Tongue

September 12, 2020 by BureaucratONE Leave a Comment Last Updated September 12, 2020

Language could be a tool or medium of communication but the mother tongue is different. It is not just a medium of communication but also a manifestation of emotions, culture, tradition, values and more importantly, provides an identity to its speakers. Every society that used a borrowed language as its conversational language suffered from an identity crisis or took the identity of the borrowed language. All the nuances and subtilities of literature, culture and art of society are hidden in the language used in that society. Whenever a society could look beyond the instrumental value of a language, they were able to develop independent literature, art, music, dance and culture.

For e.g Tamilians takes pride in their language and refuse to promote any other language other than their mother tongue and English. This attitude resulted in the independent development of literature(Sangam literature), cinema(Kollywood), dance(Bharatanatyam), martial art(Silambam), music (Carnatic music - yes Modern Carnatic music is based on musical concepts like Swara, raga, and tala that were described in the Silappadhikaram by Ilango Adigal).

  1. 90% of Nobel Laureates (except Nobel peace prize) before 2017 studied in their mother tongue
  2. Every visiting VIP's speak in their mother tongue as a mark of self-respect
  3. The notion of English being necessary for scientific innovation is wrong as 90% of the top 40-50 countries in the World Innovation Index impart education in their mother tongue.

Imparting education in the mother tongue provides better understanding than any alien language. At the same time complex, scientific and technical terms should be simplified in Target Language to meet the modern needs of the society.

But this doesn't mean ignore the world's most important language English. English should be studied in addition to one's mother tongue. Learning English has its own utility. Most of the original literature on science is in English. Important concepts could be lost in the translation. Therefore knowing English will give easy and authentic access to 80% (Pareto optimality) of modern science and technology.

English is already a Lingua Franca of the world. Therefore it can also act as a Lingua Franca of India. Promoting English over Hindi as a lingua Franca of India resolves sentimental issues associated with the imposition of Hindi. It gets a ready political acceptance esp. by southern and northeast Indian states. It also opens up job opportunities for Indian abroad esp. in America (World's largest economy).

Filed Under: Art & Culture, Current Affairs, interview, mains questions, social issues, UPSC

126th Constitutional Amendment Bill 2019

April 25, 2020 by BureaucratONE Leave a Comment Last Updated April 25, 2020

  • 104th CAA was enacted from 126th CAB
  • It amended A334
    • Extend reservation for SC / ST
    • Not Extend reservation for Anglo-Indians
  • Constitutional Provision
    • A331
      • Prez can nominate two Anglo-Indian members in LS
    • A333
      • Governor can nominate one Anglo-Indian member in State Assembly
    • A330
      • SC/ST reservation in LS
    • A332
      • SC/ST reservation in State Legislature
    • A334
      • The above reservation would cease, 10 years after commencement of Constitution
      • But extended every 10 years through 8th, 23rd, 45th, 62nd, 79th & 95th CAA
    • A366 (2)
      • Who are anglo-Indian?
      • 2011 Census - 296 Anglo Indians
  • A334 expires in Jan, 25, 2020.
  • 104th CAA extended it for another 10 years for only SC / ST and not Anglo-Indians

Filed Under: Current Affairs, Polity

Polity & Governance Current Affairs

April 25, 2020 by BureaucratONE Leave a Comment Last Updated April 25, 2020

Constitution

  • Reservation
    • 126th Constitutional Amendment Bill 2019
    • Reservation in Promotions for SC/ST
    • Reservation in Promotion for Persons with Disabilities (PwDs)
    • Reservation for EWS
    • Job Reservations, Promotion Quotas not a Fundamental Right
    • Bill to include more Tribes in ST Category
  • Rights
    • Internet as Basic Right
    • Right to Property
    • Sedition
    • Minority Educational Institutions
    • Sabarimala Temple Issue
  • President
    • Impeachment of US President
    • Pardoning Power of President
  • 9th Schedule of Indian Constitution
  • Overseas Citizen of India
  • UN not a State
  • Other Constitutional Articles in News

Legislature

Executive

Judiciary

  • Provisions Related to Addition and Transfer of Judges
    • Addition of Judges
    • Transfer of Judges
    • Acting Chief Justice
  • Regional Bench of Supreme Court
  • Gram Nyayalayas
  • National Legal Services Authority (NALSA)
  • New Rules for Tribunals
  • Foreigners Tribunals
  • Zero Pendency Courts Project
  • Curative Petition
  • Witness Protection Scheme
  • Parole
  • Free Legal Aid
  • Chief Justice Of India (CJI)

Centre-State Relations

Elections

Constitutional / Statutory / Executive Bodies

Governance

Miscellaneous

Important Legislation

  • Inter-State River Water Disputes (Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • Arbitration And Conciliation (Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Bill, 2019
  • Consumer Protection Bill, 2019
  • Aadhaar And Other Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • Protection Of Human Rights (Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • Right To Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • Constitution (126th Amendment) Bill, 2019
  • NCT Of Delhi (Recognition Of Property Rights Of Residents In Unauthorised Colonies) Bill, 2019
  • Public Premises (Eviction Of Unauthorised Occupants) Amendment Act, 2019
  • Arbitration And Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2019

Filed Under: Current Affairs, Polity

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