Industrial regionalisation / clusters/ agglomerations.
India has great diversity of industries and over the years industries have managed to disperse across the country but certain regions have developed as major industrial agglomerations and are today major industrial regions.
Most of the agglomerations have been either due to the raw material advantage or due to policies that have favoured investment and infrastructure in some regions.
According to to BN Sinha there are three types of industrial agglomerations.
- Major clusters - Employ greater than 15 lakh workers a day
- Minor clusters - Employ greater than 2.5 lakh workers a day
- Industrial districts - Employee 25 thousand workers a day
Most of the industrial clusters which are smaller and are at the level of a district are based on traditional skill sets.
Major clusters
- Jharkhand West Bengal region
- Mumbai Pune corridor
- Hooghly belt
- Ahmedabad Vadodara
- Coimbatore Madurai
- Delhi NCR region
Jharkhand West Bengal region.
- Damodar industrial belt
- Dhanbad bokaro asansol chitranchan durgapur
Mumbai Pune corridor.
- Development is majorly around Mumbai and spread over it.
Hooghly belt.
- Around Calcutta and Howrah
- Traditionally had jute
- Now diversified into the leather industry and heavy engineering
Ahmedabad Vadodara.
- Development was initially of refineries and petrochemicals
- Today greatly diversifying into textile mills, automobiles, heavy engineering.
Coimbatore Madurai
- Initially cotton textile and sugar mills
- this region has expanded to include Chennai which is now diversifying into petrochemicals heavy engineering and automobiles.
Delhi NCR region
- Of the six it is the recent one
- Faridabad (old) Noida and Gurgaon
- No heavy industry
- Big core sectors not present
- Mainly FMCG and automobiles.
Industrial districts
- Moradabad - Brass work
- Sivakasi - Fireworks
- Mysore - Sandalwood
- Saharanpur - Wood carving
- Firozabad - Bangles
- Badoi - Carpets
- Surat - Diamond polishing
- Kanpur - Leatherworks
- Agra - Marble works
- Aligarh - Lock industry
- Cuttack - Silver filigree - fine silver thread used in designs